Analysis Of The Narrative, By Frederick Douglass - 1182 Words

Significant Event #1 Frederick Douglass, the author and narrator of the Narrative, is a powerful speaker for the abolitionist movement. His story is about the road from slavery to freedom, and along this road he faced many challenges and had many realizations. One of the first epiphanies he had was when he realized what slavery really was. Born on a slave on Colonel Lloyd’s planation, he witnessed the worst kinds of suffering. For example, he saw his Aunt Hester get beaten on multiple occasions, by the Captain’s overseer, Mr. Plummer. (343) He was too young to be whipped himself but he recalled feeling like a participant in this abuse. Without really knowing it, still, he suffered. This moment was an introduction to him into the cruel world of slavery. Douglass was separated from his mother, Harriet Bailey, soon after birth and recalled only seeing his mother on the rare occasions when she could walk twelve miles after dark to lie next to him at night. When he was s even and she died, he wasn’t allowed to go to her funeral. (340) These first realizations of what he was going to encounter soon in life were significant events in his life because he got glimpses of what slavery really was. Significant Event #2 He faced many challenges when enslaved, including his struggle to spell and learn the alphabet. Mrs. Auld, Douglass’ slave owner, had never had a slave under her control before. In addition, previous to her marriage, she had been dependent on her ownShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1450 Words   |  6 PagesReid Champlin Mrs. Stack AP English, Period 7 14 August 2015 In His Own Words: Analysis of The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass They say that one can never fully understand a situation until he/she is put into that scenario themselves. Too often, history is written by those who have only read and researched the issues, remaining distant and objective to get all the facts straight. While there is honor in this approach, one cannot experience the horror of war, the thrill of victory, orRead MoreAnalysis Of Frederick Douglass Narrative1597 Words   |  7 PagesFrederick Douglass’ Narrative serves as an influential text which provides detailed examples of how slavery allowed a country and a government to justify the brutal dehumanization and oppression of an entire race of people. Using personal experience, Douglass explains how the slave institution not only dehumanized himself, but also how the process affected other slaves and the slaveowners as well. Douglass relies on a strong imagery relating back to animals to show this dehumanization process, whichRead MoreFrederick Douglass Narrative Analysis13 33 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout his Narrative, Frederick Douglass exposes his belief that freedom from slavery comes through a combination of knowledge and self-agency, and through his personal experience, delineates a model for abolitionism. Although his Narrative does represent an autobiography, Douglass has a higher purpose in mind beyond simple recollection; Douglass wants to convert people to the cause of abolitionism and illuminate what it truly means to join the cause, through exposition of his own life and experiencesRead MoreFrederick Douglass Narrative Analysis740 Words   |  3 PagesNarrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass is a personal account of Douglass’ life as a former slave. This narrative is unique in that Douglass had been subjugated to slavery in an area perceived as being more considerate to slaves in comparison to other states. Despite this misconception, Douglass’ account provides numerous illustrations of how he and his fellow slaves we re grossly mistreated In the beginning of the narrative, Douglass describes being kept ignorant of his true age, separated fromRead MoreAn Analysis Of Frederick Douglass s The Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Essay1284 Words   |  6 PagesSolomoneAfro 3597 WEssay ATuesday October 18, 2016The Contradicting Nature of Christianity and the Institution of Slavery A Thematic Analysis of Frederick Douglass s NarrativeChristianity quite often, especially when associated to the system of slavery becomes even more of a contentious issue than it already is. In The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Frederick Douglass presents the theme of perversion of Christianity by slaveholders as a way to bring out the contradiction that lie deep withinRead MoreNarrative Analysis Of Frederick Douglass s Narrative1214 Words   |  5 Pageshappiness shown in Narrative by Frederick Douglass Being taken away from your home and family can be one of the hardest things anyone can go through. Having their identities completely taken away and begin to endure a long hard journey of survival were things blacks had to go through in the 1800’s. Narrative by Frederick Douglass is an 1845 memoir that perfectly shows the struggles of a young black man’s journey to survival after being forced into the life of slavery. Frederick Douglass describes theRead MoreAnalysis Of A Slave Narrative By Frederick Douglass1646 Words   |  7 PagesWithin a slave narrative, the identity of the writer greatly affects the perspective of the story and the message that the author wishes to convey. For a narrative of this nature, to send its meaning directly and efficiently it must be able to illustrate the individual struggle of the writer as well as create a clear line between what it means to be a slave and what it means to be free. These identities of the author not only conflict with the image of self but also help to illuminate the strugglesRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Analysis876 Words   |  4 Pages Although many people think they know the brutality about slavery, not many people truly understand the hardships that people had to really face. In Frederick Douglass’s, â€Å" Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass,† he portrays slavery in many different ways through emotion, fact, and first hand experience. The book is his life story going through the depths of slavery and persevering through all the bad until he insures his freedom. In the book he uses many different strategies that showsRead MoreA Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Analysis1022 Words   |  5 PagesThrough the use of first person encounters, Frederick Douglass in his narrative â€Å"A Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass† argues that the key to freedom is claimed through education. He introduces this idea after his beginning steps in becoming educated and later reinforces it by providing extensive examples of his experience with; slave-masters, learning the alphabet, reading and writing, and the exposition of individual opinions in literature. Douglass’s first encounter with education isRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Analysis1060 Words   |  5 Pagesreformer Frederick Douglass narrates his experience of the rebellion in Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, escaping from slavery in Maryland and ending up becoming an anti-slavery writer and orator. He employs a dry tone throughout the passage, explaining both the positive and negative effects of slavery in an unbiased position. When looking back to the whole story of his rebellion, both spiritual and professional education are essential factors in his success. Frederick Douglass started

The Evolution of Western Thought Essay - 1502 Words

Throughout modern history no other period of human evolution has had a greater effect on the way people think than the enlightenment. The philosophers and great thinkers of the enlightenment changed the logic of the human mind for the better and propelled a period of mass advancement in all aspects of society. Western thought progressed over time to help build a more intellectual society. Modern philosophers such as Max Horkheimer and Immanuel Kant incorporated their views of Western Thought into their political writings. Western Thought Western thought is defined as the rational and critical inquiry into basic principles. Western thought is often divided into the four main branches of metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and†¦show more content†¦The medieval view of the world as an order of beings created and governed by God was rethought with a mechanistic view of the world as a machine. The machine’s parts move in accordance with strict physical laws, without purpose or will. This view of the universe is known as Mechanism. Science began to take precedence over spirituality. The surrounding physical world that we experience and observe received as much, if not more, attention than the world to come. The goal of human life was no longer conceived as preparation for salvation in the next world, but rather as the satisfaction of people’s natural desires. Political institutions and ethical principles ceased to be regarded as reflections of divine command and came to be seen as practical devi ces created by humans. The human mind itself seemed an infinite reality, on a par with the physical reality of matter. Modern philosophers not only had the task of defining more clearly the essence of mind and of matter, but also reasoning about the relation between the two. Philosophers thought that individuals should search for the truth with their own reason. Horkheimer’s Interpretation Max Horkheimer believes that the ills of modern society are caused by the misuse and misunderstanding of reason. If people use true reason to critique their societies, they will be able to identify and solve their problems. Horkheimer defines true reason asShow MoreRelatedCharles Darwin And Evolution Of Humans1643 Words   |  7 PagesTiger Sikka Mr. Pimentel WCIV-H May 4th 2015 Charles Darwin (Intro) A man named Charles Darwin forever changed the world, especially within western civilizations. The idea of how humans and animals came to be was very confusing and there was no set reason of this. People forever wondered how they came to be on this planet. Many different ideas and theories were made, but there was no scientific reasoning on exactly the way humans and animals are here. Today, the theory is still in debate. It isRead More Nietsche and Evolution Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesNietsche and Evolution It is the image of the ungraspable phantom of life; and this is the key to it all. -Melville In 1859 Charles Darwin offered a theory that seemed to disprove the longstanding explanation of the Origin of existence. Darwins theory of evolution proposes a convincing argument that the universe was not created for a purpose, with intention, by a conscious God, but rather, was a phenomenon of random change. Fredrick Nietzsche articulated the gravity of the effect ofRead More Fukyama V huntington Essay722 Words   |  3 Pageswhen class distinctions no longer exist, believing them to be the cause of the evolution of everything that has existed in society up in till that point, is among us. quot;What we may be witnessing in not just the end of the Cold War, or the passing of a particular period of post-war history, but the end of history as such: that is, the end point of mankinds ideological evolution and the universalization of Western liberal democracy as the final form of human government.quot; Fukuyama’s thesisRead MoreMajor Contributors to the Theory of Evolution Essay example879 Words   |  4 PagesLong before Charles Darwin, other people made important contributions to the historical development of the theory of evolution. It all started in 5th century BC when early Greek philosophers characterized the origin of the natural world as by the power of nature rather than by supernatural force. They proposed the theory of evolution to explain the basis of the natural world. Thus, evolutionary theory began with the Ionian philosopher Anaximander (611-546 BC) who proposed living beings graduallyRead MoreEvolution Of A Revolution : Live From Tehran An Abc Broadcast By Peter Jennings And Persepolis1184 Words   |  5 PagesThere are three central themes present in the two movies, Evolution of a Revolution: Live from Tehran an ABC broadcast by Peter Jennings and Persepolis by Vincent Paronnaud, Marjane Satrapi. The two movies demonstrate the rising of Iranian Islamic Re volution and its cause and effect on the people of Iran. The three central themes within the movies are political culture and religion and exile. Firstly, in Evolution of a Revolution demonstrates within Iran the political powers have utilized their powerRead MoreThe Theory Of Progressive Evolution1726 Words   |  7 PagesHowever, the theory of progressive evolution by selection through natural challenges and sexual preference across geological epochs as argued in the On the Origin of Species (1859)4 was still to be considered by all reasonable, educated persons as an astounding, unprecedented achievement. In historical terms, a dividing line has been reinforced between the pre and post-Darwinian worlds, emphasising the supposed difference between biological guesswork and precise judgement. A sense of caution andRead MoreCree Poetic Discourse By Neal Mcleod1640 Words   |  7 PagesThe Power of Evolution In the essay â€Å"Cree Poetic Discourse†, the author Neal McLeod addresses an intellectual problem that the western academic writing approach harms the indigenous Cree narratives. According to McLeod, the Cree narrative process, which involves poetic thinking, embraces new possibilities and keeps changing (9). This evolution process not only depends on various occasions of speaking but also depends on different storytellers and audiences who absorb stories, thus allowing Cree poeticRead Morecase study 11111 Words   |  5 Pagesventure to another group when they become fertile spread the SIV viruses throughout different societies. 2. If the virus found in captive Western chimpanzees is the same virus found in wild Western chimpanzees, how would you be able to verify this? What types of techniques might be employed? What types of data would be desired? If a captive and wild western chimp has the same SIV virus, comparing the RNA sequence of the viruses could help verify this. To do this, you could do a sequence analysisRead MoreThe Rise Of Modern Republicanism1476 Words   |  6 Pagesas the basis). Though the minben thought might be considered as the indicative of prehistoric idea of mutual obligation or even popular sovereignty, China never developed an equivalent of the polis that nurtured Western thinking about citizenship. It is hard to find in Chinese philosophy any notion of autonomous individuals forming a social unit (Monroe, 1985; Ames, 1988; de Bary, 1988; Rosemont, 1988). The major tension lying in traditional Chinese political thought was between the legitimate powersRead MoreEssay about Christopher Wren’s Designs for St. Paul’s Cathedral1735 Words   |  7 PagesAnalyse the evolution of Christopher Wren’s designs for St. Paul’s Cathedral. From as early as before the Great Fire of London, Christopher Wren was involved in architectural projects for St. Paul’s cathedral. The evolution of his designs for the new St Paul’s began with his ideas for the old; the evolution of his designs were a process of both creation and reinvention. Starting with the vision he never lost - of the London skyline marked by a grand dome landmark - he endured the problems of building

A Small Place Free Essays

Jamaica Kincaid’s A Small Place focuses on her cynical views toward politics, poverty and tourism in Antigua. Kincaid begins by telling the readers about the island’s natural beauty: the sunny sky and warm weather, and the picturesque nature.  Ã‚   She then, encourages the reader to look beneath the island’s beauty to discover and get to know the real state of the people and their culture. We will write a custom essay sample on A Small Place or any similar topic only for you Order Now The reader is addressed as you all throughout the book.   Kincaid would like the reader to understand the people’s poverty and their culture, which is highly influenced by the English colonizers, and the political system riddled with corruption.   She challenges the reader to look beyond the natural beauty of the island to discover and acknowledge its ugly side.   All throughout the book, the author’s opinions, views, criticisms and comments regarding these three issues are apparent. The author’s narrative is laced with bitterness and sarcasm, particularly when relating about the island’s colonial pasta and the present’s dependence on tourism as a source of income.   Kincaid’s tone changes when she recalls memories that are precious to her as a child.   But predominantly, she writes with indignation. This paper will discuss Kincaid’s narrative and criticism against tourism, poverty, and politics through the book’s content, setting, theme, major characters, and symbolism. Content A Small Place is not strictly divided into titled sections.   Instead, there are four untitled sections that tackle different aspects.   In the first section, the narration was about being a hypothetical tourist in Antigua, the author’s birthplace.   Antigua is then described as an island of great, natural beauty. As a tourist, you only see the beautiful sights and the positive aspects of the people and the island.   You don’t program your mind to think of the natives other than the usual warm and welcoming hosts, and as the people to serve your needs. The narrative in this section is laced with insider knowledge, often about the harsh reality that a tourist doesn’t see.   These include the poverty of the people, the corruption and unlawful activities of some of the islands mansion owners who Kincaid claims are drug lords, and references to why most of the cars in the island are Japanese made.   This section ends at the hotel and the author’s opinion about a tourist’s moral ugliness. In the next chapter, the author brings back memories of the â€Å"old† island, which she described as a colony of Great Britain.   The author highlights the racism in the island and how the locals loved the English culture.   One of this section’s main points is the author’s derision against the fuss the people made over Princess Margaret’s visit when Kincaid was just a child. The colonial mentality of the Antiguans was criticized.   For the Antiguans, the author says, bad behavior is not bad so long as it was an Englishman who committed it.   At the end of the section, the author relates colonialism to the present impoverished state of Antigua. It was in the second section that Kincaid asked â€Å"why people like her can’t forget the past†?   She calls the reader’s attention to the British colonial system, and condemns the human trading in the past.   Her ancestors, she said, were dragged to Antigua as chained slaves.   According to Kincaid, slavery will never be forgotten because institutional reminders remained in the island.   The Barclays bank is an example of trading firm that made its fortunes from bartering humans like they were goods. After amassing wealth through the sale of slaves, the Barclays went into banking and continues to be prosperous up until the present.   What’s more ironic to Kincaid is the fact that Barclays is a major financial institution in Antigua that provides loans and fundings to the descendants of the slaves they traded years ago.   While the slaves made them rich, it is their descendants who are making Barclays continue to be rich. How to cite A Small Place, Papers

Cloning The New Trend Of The Century free essay sample

Cloning: The New Trend Of The Century? Essay, Research Paper Cloning: The New Trend of the Century? # 8220 ; Any find that touches upon human creative activity is non merely a affair of scientific enquiry, it is a affair of morality and spiritualty every bit good # 8230 ; Each human life is alone, born of a miracle that reaches beyond research lab scientific discipline # 8230 ; # 8221 ; . This was printed on March 10, 1997 in Time Magazine in an article covering with the controversial topic of cloning. Cloning is the production of one or more single workss or animate beings that are genetically indistinguishable to another works or animate being. Two really different processs have been referred to as # 8220 ; cloning # 8221 ; : Embryo cloning and Adult DNA cloning ( # 8221 ; Cloning # 8221 ; ) . Religious and political associations lead the battle against Adult DNA cloning because of the ethical issues involved with this type of engineering. Cloning will impede the development of society into the following millenary. We will write a custom essay sample on Cloning The New Trend Of The Century or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Cloning creates several controversial issues in society. A major issue associated with cloning is the exponential addition in population each twelvemonth. By 2024, the jutting population of 11 billion, triples the universe population today. Scientists already estimate that in 2024 production end product by worlds must treble in order to supply for 11 billion people and this figure does non include the cabal of cloned persons ( Bohart 1 ) . Cloning will increase the population vastly, but this is non the lone issue cloning creates in society. Advancing engineering continues to split society on moral issues. The general populace? s sentiment on cloning began to divide when Kyeonghee University I n Korea successfully cloned a homo on December 14, 1998 ( †Ethical† ) . Many people believe that the benefits of cloning outweigh the negatives. These benefits come in the signifier of medical progresss like, the usage of cloned human embryos in research into genetic sciences and genetically related diseases, and their interventions or bars ( †Ethical† ) . However, go oning research into cloning will merely split society and get down an rackety statement affecting moralss. Most scientists admit that big graduated table cloning depletes familial diverseness. The citizens of the universe may finally stop up looking indistinguishable to each other. Our society thrives on individualism and diverseness. Every individual creates their ain personality based on their civilization and background, extinguishing this of import facet of human life hinders progress in society. Cloning besides affects emotional relationships greatly. For illustration, a kid born from grownup DNA cloning from his male parent would be, in consequence, a delayed twin of one of his parents ( # 8221 ; Cloning # 8221 ; ) . This wholly eliminates fond regard to household and depletes the true sense of a wholesome upbringing. Cloning may be a major technological progress, but it has possible to decelerate the growing of world. The negatives decidedly outweigh the positives on this controversial subject. Too many ethical issues originate due to this engineering such as individualism and diverseness. Moral issues merely represent half of the job. The population growing lifting at an unmanageable rate and a split state represent the other half. All of these issues support the fact that cloning will merely stand in the manner of a universe that keeps bettering.

A Definition of Meristematic Tissue in Plant Biology

A Definition of Meristematic Tissue in Plant Biology In plant biology, the term meristematic tissue refers to the living tissues containing undifferentiated cells that are the building blocks of all specialized plant structures. The zone where these cells exist is known as the meristem. This zone contains the cells that actively divide and create specialized structures such as the cambium layer, the buds of leaves and flowers, and the tips of roots and shoots. In essence, the cells within the meristematic tissues are what allow a plant to increase its length and girth.   Meaning of the Term The term  meristem  was coined in  1858 by  Karl Wilhelm von Ngeli  (1817 to 1891) in a book called Contributions to Scientific Botany. The term is adapted from the Greek word  merizein, meaning to divide, a reference to the function of the cells in the meristematic tissue. Characteristics of Meristematic Plant Tissue The cells within the meristem have some unique characteristics: Cells within the meristematic tissues are self-renewing, so that each time they divide, one cell remains identical to the parent while the other can specialize and become part of another plant structure. The meristematic tissue is therefore self-sustaining.  While other plant tissues can be made of both living and dead cells, the meristematic cells are all living and contain a large ratio of dense liquid.When a plant is injured, it is the undifferentiated meristematic cells that are responsible for healing the wounds through the process of becoming specialized.   Types of Meristematic Tissue There are three types of meristematic tissues, categorized according to where they appear in the plant:  apical  (at the tips),  intercalary  (at the middle), and  lateral  (at the sides). The apical meristematic tissues are also known as primary meristematic tissues, because these are what form the main body of the plant, allowing for vertical growth of stems, shoots, and roots.  The primary meristem is what sends a plants shoots reaching for the sky and the roots burrowing into the soil.   Lateral meristems are known as secondary meristematic tissues because they are what is responsible for an increase in girth. The secondary meristematic tissue is what increases the diameter of tree trunks and branches, as well as the tissue that forms bark.   Intercalary meristems occur only in plants that are monocots, a group that includes the grasses and bamboos. Intercalary tissues located at the nodes of these plants allow the stems to regrow. It is intercalary tissue that causes grass leaves to grow back so quickly after being mowed or grazed.  Ã‚   Meristematic Tissue and Galls Galls are abnormal growths occurring on the leaves, twigs, or branches of trees and other plants. They usually occur when any one of about 1500 species of insects and mites interact with meristematic tissues.   Gall-making insects oviposit (lay their eggs) or  feed on the meristematic tissues of  host plants at critical moments.  A gall-making wasp, for example, may lay eggs in plant tissues just as leaves are opening or shoots are lengthening. By interacting with the plants meristematic tissue, the insect takes advantage of a period of active cell division to initiate the formation of a gall. The walls of the gall structure are very strong, providing protection for the larvae feeding on plant tissues within. Galls can also be caused by bacteria or viruses infecting the meristematic tissues.  Galls may be unsightly, even disfiguring, on stems and leaves of plants, but they rarely kill the plant.

Everything You Need To Know About Footnotes

Everything You Need To Know About Footnotes While the rules regarding footnotes vary according to the citation style used, there are two distinct purposes for footnotes:To provide necessary information to text in the form of a citation.To provide supplementary information to text, such as clarifying an idea or expounding on it for further inquiry.Regardless of their purpose, a footnote is usually added to text as a superscript, starting at 1, and with a corresponding number at the bottom of the page (known as the footer) where the citation or additional information is included.See the example below, which shows the superscripted footnote numbers, along with the footnotes and the way they are formatted on the paper. Keep in mind that the gray line is the bottom of the paper, so your footnotes will be printed that close to the end of the page.An example of superscripted footnote numbers.Why are footnotes used?Footnotes are the least intrusive way for an author to provide citations or supplemental information about a topic. In so me cases, such as when using Chicago Style, footnotes are often used instead of in-text citations with a bibliography at the end of the paper. Footnotes allow an author to guide his or her reader to additional information or further study, without disrupting the flow of the sentence.Another great use of footnotes is to define or explain a word or idea that might require further explanation to a general audience. A definition or explanation can be provided within the footnote without any visual or logical disruption in the text.Style guides and footnotesThe Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) requires the use of footnotes instead of in-text citations. Other styles, such as the Modern Language Association (MLA) and the American Psychological Association (APA) also allow the use of footnotes. However, while CMS requires footnotes for citations and supplemental information, APA and MLA suggest footnote use for supplemental information only.Modern Language Associations (MLA) rules regarding fo otnote useBelow are the rules regarding footnote use in MLA style, taken from the Purdue Online Writing Lab.MLA discourages extensive use of explanatory or digressive notes.MLA Style does, however, allow you to use endnotes or footnotes for bibliographic notes, which refer to other publications your readers may consult.Following are some examples:See Blackmur, especially chapters 3 and 4, for an insightful analysis of this trend.On the problems related to repressed memory recovery, see Wollens 120-35; for a contrasting view, see Pyle 43; Johnson, Hull, Snyder 21-35; Krieg 78-91.Several other studies point to this same conclusion. See Johnson and Hull 45-79, Kather 23-31, Krieg 50-57.Or, you can also use endnotes/footnotes for occasional explanatory notes (also known as content notes), which refers to brief additional information that might be too digressive for the main text:In a 1998 interview, she reiterated this point even more strongly: I am an artist, not a politician! (Weller 124).MLA style has a few additional rules concerning footnote use:For footnotes placed in dependent clauses, such as this one,1 add the number after the comma.Footnotes should follow the period at the end of a sentence.2The only exception to a footnote following the punctuation would be this one3- the dash. When a dash is used as punctuation following a word, the footnote connected to that word should come before it.American Psychological Associations (APA) rules regarding footnote useAPA style discourages the use of footnotes and endnotes, according to the Purdue Online Writing Lab, as detailed below.APA does not recommend the use of footnotes and endnotes because they are often expensive for publishers to reproduce. However, if explanatory notes still prove necessary to your document, APA details the use of two types of footnotes: content and copyright. When using either type of footnote, insert a number formatted in superscript following almost any punctuation mark.Footnote numbe rs should not follow dashes ( - ), and if they appear in a sentence in parentheses, the footnote number should be inserted within the parentheses.Scientists examined- over several years1- the fossilized remains of the wooly-wooly yak.2(These have now been transferred to the Chauan Museum.3).Also keep in mind, when using the footnote function in a word-processing program like Microsoft Word, place all footnotes at the bottom of the page on which they appear. Footnotes may also appear on the final page of your document (usually this is after the References page). Center the word Footnotes at the top of the page. Indent five spaces on the first line of each footnote. Then, follow normal paragraph spacing rules. Double-space throughout:1 While the method of examination for the wooly-wooly yak provides important insights to this research, this document does not focus on this particular species.Chicago Manual of Style rules regarding footnote useThe Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) uses foo tnotes as the primary way to cite sources. While in-text citations can be used, footnotes are most typical for this style. As with MLA, the footnotes should follow the punctuation unless the punctuation is a dash. There are more specific rules regarding footnote placement and numbering for this style that can be found the Purdue Online Writing Lab.Footnote examples for all style guidesScientists have discovered varied lifeforms in this habitat.6Im allergic to shellfish,7 so lets not order the shrimp.For years, scholars have studied the book carefully8- a fact that suggests there has been much effort put into understanding it.

Discuss the view that entrepreneurship is chiefly concerned with Essay

Discuss the view that entrepreneurship is chiefly concerned with wealth creation in a small business context - Essay Example All entrepreneurships share the primary objective of increased profitability, this implies that the entrepreneur must employ every feature possible and manipulate the internal structure of the organization in order to increase its market share thus accumulating more wealth. Small businesses have smaller management structures, which make management easier thus steering the desired growth through wealth creation as discussed in the essay below. Entrepreneurs take risks on a daily basis. In their operations, they seek to increase their market shares thus compelling them to carry out extensive market researches with the view of increasing their operations. Small businesses feel the pressure since they have smaller capitals but have the desire to increase their capital bases through heightened wealth creation. To achieve such, most small businesses diversify their operations thus spreading their risks across several industries. Most small business suffers from uncertainty, by diversifying their operations and products they venture into different industries and markets thus retain a portion of every market. With such an operation, the businesses have a surety of an excellent performance in at least an industry thus cushioning the rest from possible loses. The uncertainty and the lack of adequate capital thus compel small entrepreneurs to view entrepreneurship as concerned with wealth creation. Bigger companies have well-structured decision-making organs and make decisive decision on their investments. Additionally, such businesses enjoy larger market shares and larger capital bases. They can therefore take risks and gamble with their investments. Such are the luxuries that smaller businesses do not enjoy. Smaller entrepreneurs approach the practice with the view of making more money and saving as much of it as possible. While a big business like Wells Fargo in the United Kingdom can decide to venture into real estate, a smaller business owned by a sole proprietor may not since such individuals lack adequate capital and may not dare risk their small capital on such a precarious industry. This depicts the inability of smaller businesses to carry out effective market research and capital drives. Big businesses use their money to create more capital while smaller businesses save up their profit in the process of capital accumulation and wealth creation (Peter, 1994). Management, a fundamental operational feature in businesses refers to the coordination of the people concerned in order to realize a set of goals and objectives. The management of small businesses is less coordinated owing to their small structures. Big businesses on the other hand have effectively coordinated structures and therefore make informed investment decisions less likely to incur losses. In a small business context, management is reduced to a one-person affair. Management in an organization comprises staffing, controlling, planning and organizing the activities in a business organization. The functions are all vital in the achievement of the objectives of the business (Homburg, Sabine & Harley, 2009). To big businesses, such functions are well coordinated by professionals who make effective decisions concerning the attainment of the organizational goals. Big organizations have elaborate structures and may not always benefit an individual. In such organizations, the longevity of the business and its sustained profitability is always of more importance

Emotions Atitudes and Job Satisfaction Assignment

Emotions Atitudes and Job Satisfaction - Assignment Example Besides, the moods affect the personal perception and judgments. The long-term exposures to stress filled environments or moods suggesting negativity are a recipe to certain illnesses as ulcers, diabetes, and heart disease. In relation to job performance, the decision-making under the spell of negative mood leads to poor and regrettable decisions that often affect the company in which an individual works (KOSTEAS, 2010). On the other hand, it is important to learn the benefits that accrue to positive mood. In contrast to negative mood, the positive mood is responsible for instilling courage, by motivating creativity and widening the possibility of amicable solution to problems. This critical component influences the ability to make positive decisions that work to the benefit of the company. Despite the fact that positive moods often work to the advantage of most companies, it can also create false optimism, as it often entails exaggerated excitement. His can influence mistimed and careless negative decision-making. In a bid to understand moods, it is important to understand the details of emotions. Emotions are reciprocal with such factors as disposition, temperament, motivation, mood and personality. The major influencers of the emotions are neurotransmitters and hormones, such as serotonin and dopamine. Dopamine, for instance, affects the individual’s mood and level of energy. On the other hand, serotonin affects the skills of critical thinking. These are the components of emotional behavior. Evidently, emotions are largely a chemical imbalance in the mind for negative emotional behavior, or a mental chemical balance for a positive emotional behavior. The implications of a certain emotional trait are responsible for complications in an individual’s reaction to social interaction. Besides, the emotions can blur judgments without the ability of a person

Biological Versus Non Biological Parents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Biological Versus Non Biological Parents - Essay Example Miserably, sometimes when a lesbian-parent household falls apart same as normal parents, the biological parent uses the homophobic lawful system to her benefit, denying visitation to the non-biological parent. A case at present in progress in New York is investigating protection procedures that at present support the biological mother. The non-biological mother has been approved temporary visitation for four hours every week until the court makes its concluding decision. Until this provisional agreement was approved just lately, the non-biological mom had not seen her children since November 2005. According to Monroe Mann from ABC News, the lawyer for the biological mother was referenced as saying, "The law in New York is very obvious. Simply a parent can get visitation. A parent is explained as either the biological or adoptive parent and [her ex-partner] is even not." Obviously, biological parents are being better then of non-biological parents, but all courts should have to be familiar with the significance of family unity, and regularly have to consider a biological father's privileges next to a child's right to have the family the child has at all times identified. The courts have routinely held that biology is not the one and only decisive factor of paternity. This is an unexpected pace that the majority of men would not take in spite of the amount of care they are offering to their kids. The court will encounter the issues regarding who has held themselves out to be the father of the child, provided support for the infant and been vigorous in the child's living. While there have been a number of victories for non-biological parents, principles differ from state to state. Last spring in 2005, for instance, the New Jersey Supreme Court settled supervision rights to a non-biological mother, stating her "psychological" parent. This occurred, though, only after a long-lasting lawful procedure. Many activists have worked to demonstrate broader society that even if laws do not value families, they will. Honoring this commitment is put to the eventual analysis when same-sex parents disintegrate. These activists give reason for the want for a document in opening that give details: "It is enormously damaging to our society and our families when we disclaim as unimportant the very relationships for which we are looking for lawful and communal admiration." Planning a guardianship agreement in the happening of a disintegration is about as fun as writing a will. But alike to having a will, such a text offers calmness. The judgments, made at a time when feelings and commonsensical are unbroken, will be conclusions based on the unsurpassed interest of the children, even if the improbable happens. Professional Problem, Concerns And Legal Rights For Non-Biological Parents According to common perceptive, adoption is the officially permitted way for non-biological parents to suppose a parent-child relationship with a child. Adoption frequently ends the

Nisha Cyclone In India Media Essay

Nisha Cyclone In India Media Essay Communication plays a critical role in disaster prevention and management. A variety of media channels are used for disaster communications, before and during a disaster. For example, communication in the form of visible or audible signals, leaflets, announcements by speaker cars and public events have been known. Mass media in the form of newspapers, television, radio, internet, etc have certain characteristics that make them advantageous for disaster communications. They provide easy access to large population and some of them constitute a robust communication system which remains working even in cases of a partial breakdown of the infrastructure. On the other hand, sources dealing with the media know that media can be difficult at times. There is no direct control over the content and form of information that is being transmitted. Sources who want to communicate with the public have to deal with journalists who do not form a passive information channel but act as gate keepers, int erpreters and commentators. Media hence can support or obstruct the disaster management of government agencies and relief organizations. This research paper analyzes the print media coverage of Nisha cyclone that had hit the coast of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry in November 2008. The researcher has done a survey to study public interests in content designing and disaster news presentation through print media. Keywords: natural disasters, prevention, management, warning, communication, print media coverage INTRODUCTION India has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique geo-climatic conditions. Indias total coastline is 7,516 kilometers in length, which comprises 5,422 kilometers for the mainland, 132 kilometers for the Lakshadweep Islands, and 1,962 kilometers for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Floods, droughts, cyclones, earthquakes and landslides have been recurrent phenomena. About 60% of the landmass is prone to earthquakes of various intensities; over 40 million hectares is prone to floods; about 8% of the total area is prone to cyclones and 68% of the area is susceptible to drought. The Indian sub-continent is prone to several types of natural disasters. Major natural hazards include droughts, floods, earthquakes, and tropical cyclones and minor ones include landslides, hailstorms, avalanches, bushfires and forest fires. These disasters take a heavy toll on human lives and resources causing economic, environment and social losses. Natural disasters affect the rural community the most, as they are vulnerable to economic changes, and have no alternate means of livings. Natural disasters destroy infrastructure, cause mass migration, reduction in food and fodder supplies and sometimes leads to drastic situations like starvation. At the global level, there has been considerable concern over natural disasters. Even as substantial scientific and material progress is made, the loss of lives and property due to disasters has not decreased. In fact, the human toll and economic losses have mounted. NATURAL DISASTERS: CYCLONES An event or hazard is called a disaster when it threatens property and lives and is unforeseen and often sudden. The WHO defines a disaster as A severe disruption, ecological and psychological, which greatly exceeds the coping capacity of the affected community. It causes great damage, destruction and human suffering. A disaster is a very complex multi dimensional phenomenon and along many dimensions like social, economic, material, psychological or social, but unlikely to be one along all of these in a specific direction. Often the number of human lives lost is an important criterion for defining a disaster. Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, and destruction and devastation to life and property. The damage caused by disasters is immeasurable and varies with the geographical location, climate and the type of the earth surface/degree of vulnerability. This influences the mental, socio-economic, political and cultural state of the affected area. It may also be termed as a serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human, material or environmental losses which exceed the ability of the affected society to cope using its own resources. A Cyclonic Storm or a Cyclone is an intense vortex or a whirl in the atmosphere with very strong winds circulating around it in anti-clockwise direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in clockwise direction in the Southern Hemisphere. The word Cyclone is derived from the Greek, word Cyclos meaning the coils of a snake. To Henri Peddington, the tropical storms in the Bay of Bengal and in the Arabian Sea appeared like the coiled serpents of the sea and he named these storms as Cyclones. Cyclones are categorized as hydro meteorological disasters. Cyclones are intense low pressure areas from the centre of which pressure increases outwards- The amount of the pressure drop in the centre and the rate at which it increases outwards gives the intensity of the cyclones and the strength of winds. CYCLONES IN THE INDIAN SEAS Cyclones form in certain favorable atmospheric and Oceanic conditions. There are marked seasonal variations in their places of origin, tracks and attainment of intensities. These behaviors help in predicting their movements. Figure 1.1.1 Cyclone prone areas in India Source: Compare Infobase Limited (2007) Tropical cyclones, which are severe storms spun off from the Inter tropical Convergence Zone, may affect thousands of Indians living in coastal regions. Tropical cyclogenesis(the technical term describing the development and strengthening of a tropical cyclone in the atmosphere) is particularly common in the northern regions of the Indian Ocean in and around the Bay of Bengal. Cyclones bring with them heavy rains, storm surges, and winds that often cut affected areas off from relief and supplies. In the North Indian Ocean Basin, the cyclone season runs from April to December, with peak activity between May and November. Each year, an average of eight storms with sustained wind speeds greater than 63 km/h (39 mph) form; of these, two strengthen into true tropical cyclones, which have sustained gusts greater than 117 km/h (73 mph). On average, a major cyclone develops every other year. Wind and Cyclones during the period 1877-2005: 283 cyclones (106 severe) in a 50 km wide strip on the East Coast Less severe cyclonic activity on West Coast (35 cyclones in the same period) In 19 severe cyclonic storms, death toll> 10,000 lives During summer, the Bay of Bengal is subject to intense heating, giving rise to humid and unstable air masses that morph into cyclones. 1.25 million lives have been lost in Bay of Bengal till now because of 21 cyclones that had hit the region. The 1737 Calcutta cyclone, the 1970 Bhola cyclone, and the 1991 Bangladesh cyclone rank among the most powerful cyclones to strike India, devastating the coasts of eastern India and neighboring Bangladesh. Widespread death and property destruction are reported every year in the exposed coastal states of West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu. Indias western coast, bordering the more placid Arabian Sea, experiences cyclones only rarely; these mainly strike Gujarat and, less frequently, Kerala. Cyclone 05B, a super cyclone that struck Orissa on 29 October 1999, was the deadliest in more than a quarter-century. With peak winds of 160 miles per hour (257 km/h), it was the equivalent of a Category 5 hurricane. Almost two million people were left homeless; another 20 million people life was disrupted by the cyclone. Officially, 9,803 people died from the storm; unofficial estimates place the death toll at over 10,000. Pre and Post-monsoon storms are more violent than the storms of the monsoon season. Life span of a severe cyclonic storm in the Indian seas averages about 4 days from the time it forms until the time it enters the land. DESTRUCTION CAUSED BY CYCLONES There are three elements associated with a cyclone, which cause destruction. They are 1. Cyclones are associated with high-pressure gradients and consequent strong winds. These, in turn, generate storm surges. A storm surge is an abnormal rise of sea level near the coast caused by a severe tropical cyclone; as a result, sea water inundates low lying areas of coastal regions drowning human beings and live- stock, eroding beaches and embankments, destroying vegetation and reducing soil fertility. 2. Very strong winds may damage installations, dwellings, communication systems, trees, etc. resulting in loss of life and property. 3. Heavy and prolonged rains due to cyclones may cause river floods and submergence of low lying areas by rain causing loss of life and property. Floods and coastal inundation due to storm surges pollute drinking water sources causing outbreak of epidemics. It may be mentioned that all the three factors mentioned above occur simultaneously and, therefore, relief operations for distress mitigation become difficult. So it is imperative that advance action is taken for relief measures before the commencement of adverse weather conditions due to cyclones. The most destructive element associated with an intense cyclone is storm surge. Past history indicates that loss of life is significant when surge magnitude is 3 meters or more and catastrophic when 5 meters and above. WARNING SYSTEM IN INDIA In the last five decades, government is making attempts to highlight the use of information technology in providing early warning systems for effective disaster management, especially in Andhra Pradesh, Orissa and West Bengal coasts, which are susceptible to such storms. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) provides cyclone warnings from the Area Cyclone Warning Centers (ACWCs) at Calcutta, Chennai and Mumbai, and Cyclone Warning Centers (CWCs) at Bhubaneswar, Visakhapatnam and Ahmadabad. The IMD has developed the necessary infrastructure to generate and disseminate the cyclone warnings to the cyclone prone coastal areas. It uses a number of communication channels like telegram, fax, e-mails, etc. to communicate warning messages at appropriate levels. Cyclone warning is done in two stages. At first a warning on cyclone alert is issued 48 hours in advance of the expected commencement of adverse weather over coastal areas. The second stage cyclone warning is issued 24 hours in advance. The IMD constantly examines the coastline for the likely genesis of tropical storms with the help of satellite imagery, particularly those from the multipurpose geo-stationary satellite, INSAT. Information from ships and ocean buoys is also taken into consideration. There is a chain of Cyclone Detection Radars (CDRs) that are installed along the coastal belt of India have proved to be an effective tool to the cyclone warning work. These radars can locate and track approaching Tropical Cyclones within a range of 400 km. The National Disaster Management Bill, 2005 also emphasizes the setting up, maintaining, reviewing and upgrading of early warning mechanisms and the dissemination of proper information to the public. The aim of any warning system is to alert people to take appropriate and timely steps for the safety of life and property. A natural disaster cannot be evaded but we need to make effective use of available resources to minimize the loss and aftermath. CYCLONE NISHA Nature unleashed havoc in Nagapattinam and Karaikal districts on 26 November 2008. Heavy rainfall and gusty winds claimed three lives in Nagapattinam besides flooding the dwellings and driving over 78,000 people to 308 cyclone-relief centers. As the cyclonic storm Nisha got nearer, the coastal areas started receiving heavy rains and strong winds. The total rainfall recorded at 8.30 am stood at 2,145 mm, with Vedaranyam registering the highest of 333 mm. In Cuddalore, over six lakhs people were affected by the torrential rainfall in the coastal district as more than 50,000 houses were inundated, paddy and sugarcane crops raised on 200,000 acres submerged and power transmission crippled for more than 15 hours in the district. The rainfall accompanied by strong wind uprooted more than 1,000 roadside trees. In Pamban, while torrential rain continued to lash different parts of the Ramanathapuram district on Wednesday, the fifth cyclone warning signal was hoisted at Pamban port office. Relief Details (as on 27 November 2008) No of people evacuated 106,145 No of relief centers opened 650 No of people in relief centers 89,395 Total no of food packets distributed 548,205 Total cash dole distributed 450,000 Cyclone Nisha caused a death toll of 89 in Tamil Nadu. The toll in rain related incidents in Tamil Nadu during the six days, mounted to 89, with 25 more deaths reported from rain-affected districts till Friday 28 November. It is understood that natural disasters can neither be predicted nor prevented. The problem before us is how to cope with them, minimizing their impact. Tamil Nadu has witnessed havoc caused by cyclones and storm surge in the coastal regions, earthquakes, monsoon floods, landslides, and recently the Tsunami. Increase in urban population coupled with the construction of man-made structures often poorly built and maintained subject cities to greater levels of risk to life and property in the event of earthquakes and other natural hazards. The media and disaster management agencies have important roles to play in crises. Each needs the other in order to perform its function better. Information needs to be presented responsibly, with contextual understanding. Hence, this research aims to study the print media coverage of Nisha Cyclone in Chennai edition newspapers. The objective of the study is to find out the newspapers that have greater readership among the coastal communities and to a nalyze the print media coverage of Nisha Cyclone. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The researcher has adopted Survey and Content Analysis method for performing the research. The tool used for data collection for survey method is questionnaire and the samples were chosen by using simple random sampling technique. The sample size is 300 and the survey was taken among the people in Chennai who read newspapers. The Parameters chosen for content analysis were the total number of news articles appearing relating to Nisha cyclone; the page number in which the news articles appears; pagination of the news article (left or right); placement of news articles (top or bottom); total number of black and white; colored photos; news content (Image or Text or both) for quantitative analysis. For the qualitative analysis, the parameters taken were Context: The type of disaster news article (advice, disaster agent, safety message, damages, countermeasures, restoration); Target audience: The target audience focused based on the geographical areas and that are focused; genre of news: Feature, interview, announcement; Graphic Appeal: The type of the graphic elements used to convey news; Photo Featured: Additional resources such as visual aid (Graphic images or illustrated pictures) supporting the news item; Comprehension: The type of technical and descriptive words used in the content; Approach: News presentation in direct or third person format; Authentication of the news by analyzing the mentioned source of information; Bias: The political bias in the news. The researcher has taken the survey primarily to determine the newspapers on which the content analysis is to be applied. Secondly the survey also intended to find what type and format of the news does people prefer when it comes to disaster and the peoples trust upon the weather forecasts. The researcher has analyzed the news content relating to the Nisha cyclone in the newspaper that has got greater readership among survey respondents. From the survey, it was found that, the number of people who prefer television to receive the disaster related news is found maximal constituting 69%. Newspaper is found to be the next highly preferred medium with 47% and Radio was preferred only by 13% of the respondents. Since the question is a multiple choice, respondents may select more than one checkbox, so percentages may add up to more than 100%. As seen clearly the most preferred media is television: this is due to the fact that television has penetrated deeply in the society and the access to television is high as the government has given free television sets to almost all rural families. However newspapers have occupied the second place in the preference. The number of people who prefer Tamil as the language to receive the disaster related news is found maximal constituting 63%. English is found to be the next highly preferred language. The preference given to regional language to get the disaster news is very high. And the people who prefer both the languages are found in fair numbers. Dinakaran takes the majority of the news paper readership with 40%. The second most prefered newspaper is Dinathandi. From this survey results, the Tamil daily newspaper, Dinakaran is taken for content analysis. 62% of the respondents prefer reading The Hindu. Hence the English daily newspaper, The Hindu is also taken for content analysis. 66% of the respondents read the weather report rarely and 21% dont read the weather report at all. With respect to the credibility of the weather forecast and reports, the trustworthiness is found to be moderate. The most preferred content for disaster related news is the combination of both text and image News on Disaster preparedness and precautionary measures are much read by the respondents. But such content is found to be minimal. Government interventions and post-disaster news are found to be more. News in the form of Interviews and featured articles are highly preferred in terms of presentation. 85% of the people share information regarding the disaster with their family, friends and relatives. The total number of news articles that appeared in the two chosen newspapers related to Nisha cyclone in the twenty days duration between 22nd November 2008 and 11th December 2008 are: 275 articles in Dinakaran and 67 articles in The Hindu. In Dinakaran, nearly 64% of the articles appeared in the Main page and 36% in supplements. But in The Hindu, all the articles appeared in main page. Dinakaran has presented the news items in random fashion both in main and supplement pages. But in The Hindu the articles were presented only in the main paper. A highest percentage of 36% of articles appeared in the third page of The Hindu which covers regional news. Right side of a news paper is considered to be the side of high readability but equal numbers of news articles appear both the sides. Regarding the position of news articles, it is seen that majority of the news articles related to Nisha cyclone have appeared in upper half of the news papers. More number of pictures appears in color in both the newspapers. The combination of both image and text is found high in The Hindu whereas its low in Dinakaran. Regarding the information covered, In Dinakaran it is found that 49% of the news items were related to effects of Nisha cyclone on people and properties; however warning was first given only in the Dinakaran as a news article in the front page on 22nd November 2008. Only one article was on preparedness. Relief and Rehabilitation news appeared more in number followed by the effects. News involving political parties providing relief funds and people demanding their needs were given more importance. The Hindu carried the first warning message only in the column dedicated for weather report including rainfall indications which were given right from the 20th November 2008 in the same column. Since The Hindu adopts featured articles, the above said context parameters were found in combined state in all the articles relating to the Nisha cyclone. Even in The Hindu, minimal coverage was given to preparedness and more importance was given to relief and rehabilitiation during the post-disaster phase. Regional Information was given more importance in The Hindu. Dinakaran has given a good coverage of information in Chennai and also in the areas around Chennai which was drastically affected by Nisha Cyclone. Dinakaran has presented the news in simple direct style. News items were of specific topic only. But in The Hindu the news articles were completely of the featured news format. In Dinakaran, an underlined common topic was used to identify the cyclone related news and the follow up news articles too appeared in the same common topic. By lines appeared in the background of dual colors. Dinakaran has also used borders and color backgrounds in presenting the news items. The Hindu has not used much of these graphic elements in presenting the news but in small number of news items it has added the borders to separate the related news from the main news. The combination of both image and text is highly preferred among the people; The Hindu follows this combination in presenting the news and additionally it has also used more than one image in this combination. But in Dinakaran, full page photo feature are commonly seen. Dinakaran uses descriptive words for news related Nisha cyclone which is found to be harsh aggressive, whereas The Hindu has used a gag sort of descriptive words. The approach was found to be very direct in Dinakaran but in The Hindu it appears indirect, always. Dinakaran news articles are found to be less authentic as mere voices are presented without any reference but in The Hindu the name and place of the sources are given then and there. The bias is defined in one study as a perceived attribute of a news source whereby the individual news source, or the group the news source represents, has a clear vested interest in a cause or action relative to maintaining or changing the status quoà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (and) a biased journalistic perspective, then, would mean only one side, not two or more sides, of an issue is presented.. Post-disaster News is found to be biased. In Dinakaran, maximum number of articles covered are relief, rehabilitations and politicians visits but its found very less in The Hindu. CONCLUSION Both the newspapers show very poor coverage of news on Disaster Preparedness which is mandatory. Only one article appeared in each newspaper, contradicting the highest of 38% of respondents demand for news on disaster preparedness. Scope for information on the science concepts involving natural disasters are found more. The survey shows that 23% of the people prefer to know the technical and scientific aspects of the disasters, which nearly equals to the number of people who wish to know the statistical information. The credibility of the weather report is very moderate. In The Hindu cyclone warning was given as a segment in the weather forecast from November 20, 2008, whereas Dinakaran gave much importance to cyclone warning by presenting it as an article in the 1st page. The importance for Nisha cyclone coverage is less as the newspaper has carried only a total of four articles in first page. The ratio of the cyclone news coverage in The Hindu and Dinakaran is in the ratio of 1:4 showing the immenseness of Dinakaran in covering the Nisha Cyclone. This indicates that less preference is given in The Hindu for the coverage of Nisha cyclone. Full page photo features were observed more in Dinakaran than in The Hindu. This is mainly due to the fact that picture fills the newspaper easily unlike news articles that demand efforts of news gathering, reporting and editing. The second fact is that use of color and pictures are eye-catchy and contribute to newspaper selling also. The Hindu is found to fulfill the respondents need by presenting news features than filling the pages with mere images. Less than 0.3% of the cyclone related articles were on preparedness, even though people expect such news. From the survey it is found that 34 % of the people demand preparedness, warning and precautionary measures related news. Dinakaran doesnt carry a separate column for weather forecast whereas The Hindu carries weather report every day. Weather forecast in The Hindu appears in much smaller fonts indicating the less importance given to it. The Hindu caries separate column for the weather forecasts that contain both the statistical and technical information daily, but the font size appears too small lessening the readability factor of the weather forecast. The results of the study prove the Agenda Setting Theory. Media agenda setting refers to the deliberate coverage of topics or events with the goal of influencing public opinion and public policy. The media framed most of the cyclone stories by emphasizing government response and less often addressing individuals and communities level of preparedness, warning dissemination, information on precautionary measures or responsibility. Hence, more articles covered response and recovery than mitigation and preparation. The newspapers studied focused significantly more on government response than on key public health roles in disaster management. In future, coordination need to be enhanced among the public health professionals, policy makers and mass media before, during, and after disasters occur. We would also expect members of the general population, including DRM practitioners and policy makers, to view well-publicized issues as more important than those receiving little media attention. SUGGESTIONS Newspaper is still a better preferred medium in this digital age in receiving disaster related news articles; it can be used effectively in educating people regarding disaster preparedness in Indian context. Reporting only at the time of disaster happening has been the trend so far adopted by present media yet this rule has to be changed at this age of increasing disasters. Steps have to be taken upon improving peoples opinion on the weather forecast. This can be achieved only educating people about disaster. Finally, even though the means to the end are evolving, the goals, the values, and the underlying principles of effective disaster communication the need for transparency, increased accessibility, trustworthiness and reliability, and to create partnerships with the mediahave not changed and need to be embraced along with the practical ability to convey information effectively.

Nikola Tesla Essay -- essays research papers fc

"Were we to seize and eliminate from our industrial world the results of Mr. Tesla's work, the wheels of industry would cease to turn, our electric cars and trains would stop, our towns would be dark, our mills would be dead and idle. Yes, so far reaching is his work that it has become the warp and woof of industry... His name marks an epoch in the advance of electrical science. From that work has sprung a revolution..." -B.A. Behrend If you were to go to an encyclopedia and tried to find out who invented the radio, X- rays, and the tube amplifier, this is what you would find: radio was invented by Marconi, X- rays by Roentgen, and the tube amplifier by de Forest. While you're there, look to see who invented the fluorescent bulb, neon lights, the speedometer, the basics of radar, and the microwave oven. I don't know who the encyclopedias say invented those things, but I bet it won't give any mention of a man by the name of Nikola Tesla. In fact, I bet they won't give much mention of Tesla for any of the many things he invented. We can thank Thomas Edison for this. Nikola Tesla was born in Smiljian, Croatia at precisely midnight on July 9/10, 1856. Not a lot is known about his early childhood. His father was an orthodox priest, and his mother, though unschooled, was highly intelligent. Tesla had an extraordinary memory, and he spoke six languages. He Spent four years studying math, physics, and mechanics at the Polytechnic Institute at Graz. Tesla first came to America in 1884, when he was 28. He worked for Thomas Edison. Edison, at the time, had just patented the lightbulb, and needed a system to distribute the electricity. One of Tesla's gifts was an understanding of electricity. Edison promised Tesla large amounts of money if he could work out the kinks in Edison's DC system of electricity. In the end, Tesla saved Edison over $100,000 (which would be millions today), but Edison refused to live up to his end of the bargain. Tesla quit, and Edison spent the rest of his life trying to stifle Tesla's reputation. Tesla devised a system for electricity, AC, which was better than Edison's DC system of electricity. AC (Tesla's system) is what is used in our homes today. AC offered many advantages over DC. AC could be transmitted over large distances through thin wires. DC electricity required a large power plant every square mile, and the transmission t... ... if he had had the money to finance the experiments he always wanted to? ``We are confronted with portentous problems which can not be solved just by providing for our material existence, however abundantly. On the contrary, progress in this direction is fraught with hazards and perils not less menacing than those born from want and suffering. If we were to release the energy of the atoms or discover some other way of developing cheap and unlimited power at any point of the globe this accomplishment, instead of being a blessing, might bring disaster to mankind... The greatest good will come from the technical improvements tending to unification and harmony, and my wireless transmitter is preeminently such. By its means the human voice and likeness will be reproduced everywhere and factories driven thousands of miles from waterfalls furnishing the power; aerial machines will be propelled around the earth without a stop and the sun's energy controlled to create lakes and rivers for motive purposes and transformation of arid deserts into fertile land...'' -Nikola Tesla BIBLIOGRAPHY PAGE 1. http://home.nycap.rr.com/useless/tesla/tesla.html 2. http://www.neuronet.pitt.edu/~bogdan/tesla